springboot如何同时连接2个MYSQL数据库

admin · 发表于 2024-9-13 13:52:49

springboot如何同时连接2个MYSQL数据库
在 Spring Boot 中同时连接两个 MySQL 数据库，可以通过配置多个 `DataSource` 实例来实现。以下是具体的步骤：
### 步骤 1: 添加依赖
确保在 `pom.xml` （如果使用 Maven）中添加 MySQL 和 Spring Data JPA 的依赖：

xml
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.27</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>

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### 步骤 2: 配置 `application.properties` 或 `application.yml`
在配置文件中定义两个数据源的属性。例如，使用 `application.properties` ：

properties
# 数据源 1
spring.datasource.primary.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db1
spring.datasource.primary.username=root
spring.datasource.primary.password=yourpassword
spring.datasource.primary.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
# 数据源 2
spring.datasource.secondary.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db2
spring.datasource.secondary.username=root
spring.datasource.secondary.password=yourpassword
spring.datasource.secondary.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver

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### 步骤 3: 创建配置类
为每个数据源创建配置类。
#### 主数据源配置

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernatePropertiesCustomizer;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.orm.jpa.EntityManagerFactoryBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.EnableJpaRepositories;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
@Configuration
@EnableJpaRepositories(
basePackages = "com.example.repository.primary", // 更改为你的主数据源的仓库包
entityManagerFactoryRef = "primaryEntityManagerFactory",
transactionManagerRef = "primaryTransactionManager"
)
public class PrimaryDataSourceConfig {
@Bean(name = "primaryDataSource")
@ConfigurationProperties("spring.datasource.primary")
@Primary
public DataSource primaryDataSource() {
return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
}
@Bean(name = "primaryEntityManagerFactory")
@Primary
public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean primaryEntityManagerFactory(
EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder,
@Qualifier("primaryDataSource") DataSource dataSource) {
return builder
.dataSource(dataSource)
.packages("com.example.model.primary") // 更改为你的主实体包
.persistenceUnit("primary")
.build();
}
@Bean(name = "primaryTransactionManager")
@Primary
public PlatformTransactionManager primaryTransactionManager(
@Qualifier("primaryEntityManagerFactory") EntityManagerFactory primaryEntityManagerFactory) {
return new JpaTransactionManager(primaryEntityManagerFactory);
}
}

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#### 次数据源配置

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.orm.jpa.EntityManagerFactoryBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.EnableJpaRepositories;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
@Configuration
@EnableJpaRepositories(
basePackages = "com.example.repository.secondary", // 更改为你的次数据源的仓库包
entityManagerFactoryRef = "secondaryEntityManagerFactory",
transactionManagerRef = "secondaryTransactionManager"
)
public class SecondaryDataSourceConfig {
@Bean(name = "secondaryDataSource")
@ConfigurationProperties("spring.datasource.secondary")
public DataSource secondaryDataSource() {
return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
}
@Bean(name = "secondaryEntityManagerFactory")
public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean secondaryEntityManagerFactory(
EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder,
@Qualifier("secondaryDataSource") DataSource dataSource) {
return builder
.dataSource(dataSource)
.packages("com.example.model.secondary") // 更改为你的次实体包
.persistenceUnit("secondary")
.build();
}
@Bean(name = "secondaryTransactionManager")
public PlatformTransactionManager secondaryTransactionManager(
@Qualifier("secondaryEntityManagerFactory") EntityManagerFactory secondaryEntityManagerFactory) {
return new JpaTransactionManager(secondaryEntityManagerFactory);
}
}

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### 步骤 4: 创建实体和仓库
为每个数据库创建相应的实体类和仓库接口，确保它们位于正确的包中。
### 步骤 5: 使用仓库
在服务中，你可以根据需要注入主数据源和次数据源的仓库：

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service
public class MyService {
@Autowired
private PrimaryRepository primaryRepository;
@Autowired
private SecondaryRepository secondaryRepository;
public void saveData() {
// 使用 primaryRepository 和 secondaryRepository 进行数据操作
}
}

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### 总结
通过以上步骤，你可以在 Spring Boot 应用中同时连接两个 MySQL 数据库。

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springboot如何同时连接2个MYSQL数据库

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